Op-Ed: The Poisoned Chalice: Partisan Politics and the Erosion of Liberian Democracy – A Focus on the CDC vs. Unity Party Rivalry By Abraham K. Morris, Sr.

Liberia, a nation forged in the crucible of liberty, has long grappled with the complexities of democratic governance. Yet, the promise of a vibrant, inclusive democracy is persistently undermined by the insidious blight of partisan politics. The bitter rivalry between the Congress for Democratic Change (CDC) and the Unity Party (UP), two of Liberia’s dominant political forces, starkly illustrates how unchecked partisanship can corrode the foundations of a nation striving for progress. This op-ed aims to dissect this destructive dynamic, exploring its historical roots, its manifestations in contemporary Liberia, and it’s devastating consequences for the nation’s democratic trajectory.

Understanding the Anatomy of Partisanship: In its purest form, partisanship signifies a strong allegiance to a particular political party. While a degree of partisan commitment is inherent in any democratic system, it morphs into a destructive force when it transcends principled debate and devolves into blind loyalty and unyielding animosity towards opposing factions. This malignant form of partisanship prioritizes party interests above national interests, fosters a climate of distrust, and undermines the vital mechanisms of compromise and consensus-building that are essential for democratic functioning.

The distinction between healthy political competition and destructive partisanship is crucial. In a healthy democracy, political parties engage in robust debate, presenting competing visions for the nation’s future. They hold each other accountable, scrutinize policies, and offer alternative solutions. However, when partisanship becomes entrenched, it leads to a zero-sum game, where the objective is not to advance the common good but to vanquish the opponent at any cost. This relentless pursuit of partisan victory often involves the dissemination of misinformation, the manipulation of public sentiment, and the erosion of democratic norms.

The Pernicious Effects on Democratic Governance: The negative effects of partisan politics on democracy are multifaceted and far-reaching. Gridlock and Dysfunction: Partisan gridlock, a common symptom of extreme partisanship, paralyzes governance. Legislatures become battlegrounds where partisan agendas take precedence over national priorities, leading to policy stagnation and legislative paralysis. The inability to address pressing national issues, such as poverty, unemployment, and healthcare, breeds public frustration and erodes confidence in the government’s ability to deliver.

 Erosion of Public Trust: The constant barrage of partisan attacks and counterattacks, often laced with misinformation and propaganda, undermines public trust in political institutions. Citizens become disillusioned with the political process, viewing it as a self-serving game played by elites rather than a mechanism for representing their interests. This erosion of trust can lead to civic disengagement and apathy, weakening the foundations of democratic participation.

 Threats to Democratic Norms: Partisanship can normalize undemocratic behavior. When political leaders prioritize party loyalty over democratic principles, they may be tempted to manipulate electoral processes, suppress dissent, and undermine the rule of law. This can create a slippery slope towards authoritarianism, where the pursuit of partisan advantage trumps the preservation of democratic values.

Hindrance of National Development: When partisan battles consume political energy, national development suffers. Infrastructure projects are delayed, economic reforms are stalled, and social programs are neglected. The focus shifts from addressing the nation’s challenges to scoring political points, leaving the country in stagnation.

Liberia: A Case Study in Partisan Polarization: Liberia’s political landscape, marked by a history of conflict and instability, has long been fertile ground for partisan divisions. The rivalry between the CDC and the UP, two parties with distinct ideological orientations and historical trajectories, epitomizes this destructive dynamic.

 Historical Context: Liberia’s history, marked by the long dominance of the True Whig Party and the subsequent civil wars, has created deep societal divisions. The emergence of the CDC, led by former footballer George Weah, represented a challenge to the established political order, attracting support from marginalized youth and disaffected citizens. The UP, led by former President Ellen Johnson Sirleaf, represented a more established political force, drawing support from traditional elites and international partners.

 The CDC vs. Unity Party Rivalry: The relationship between the CDC and the UP has been characterized by intense competition and mutual suspicion. Accusations of corruption, incompetence, and political manipulation have been hurled back and forth, fueling a climate of animosity. The 2017 presidential election, which saw Weah defeat UP candidate Joseph Boakai, further deepened these divisions.

 Examples of Partisan Manifestations: The use of inflammatory rhetoric and personal attacks by both parties, particularly during election campaigns. The politicization of government institutions, with appointments often based on partisan loyalty rather than merit.  The spread of misinformation and propaganda through social media and partisan media outlets. The use of political rallies and protests to mobilize support and demonize opponents. The constant accusations of corruption from both parties, with very little actual progress in anti-corruption efforts.

Impact on Liberian Society: The partisan rivalry between the CDC and the UP has had a profound impact on Liberian society. It has exacerbated existing social divisions, undermined national unity, and hindered the country’s progress towards reconciliation and development. The constant political bickering has created a climate of uncertainty and instability, discouraging investment and hindering economic growth.

The Role of Social Media: The rise of social media has amplified the negative effects of partisan politics in Liberia. Platforms like Facebook and WhatsApp have become battlegrounds for partisan warfare, where misinformation and propaganda spread rapidly, fueling public anger and distrust. The anonymity afforded by social media emboldens individuals to engage in personal attacks and inflammatory rhetoric, further exacerbating partisan divisions.

Towards a More Constructive Political Culture: Breaking the cycle of destructive partisanship requires a concerted effort from all stakeholders. Promoting Dialogue and Reconciliation: Political leaders must prioritize dialogue and reconciliation, seeking common ground and fostering a culture of mutual respect. Strengthening Democratic Institutions: Independent institutions, such as the electoral commission and the judiciary, must be strengthened to ensure fairness and transparency. Encouraging Civic Education: Civic education programs should be implemented to promote democratic values, media literacy, and critical thinking. Media Responsibility: Media outlets must adhere to ethical standards and avoid spreading misinformation and propaganda. Leadership Responsibility: Political leaders must demonstrate a commitment to national unity and prioritize the interests of the nation over partisan agendas.

 Voter Responsibility: The Liberian voting public must hold their elected officials accountable, and demand transparency. Voters must also do their due diligence, and not simply vote along party lines, but vote for the best candidate.

 Addressing Economic Inequality: Economic inequality fuels political instability. Addressing the root causes of poverty and inequality is essential for creating a more stable and equitable society.

Liberia’s democratic future hinges on its ability to overcome the destructive forces of partisan politics. The rivalry between the CDC and the UP serves as a cautionary tale, highlighting the dangers of unchecked partisanship. By embracing a more constructive political culture, grounded in dialogue, respect, and a commitment to the common good, Liberia can fulfill its promise as a beacon of democracy in West Africa.

The path forward will not be easy. It requires a fundamental shift in political attitudes and behaviors. But the alternative – a nation perpetually divided by partisan strife – is a price that Liberia cannot afford to pay.